England is home to a vast and impressive collection of castles, each one a testament to the nation's rich heritage and storied past. From the dramatic coastlines of Northumberland to the picturesque countryside of Sussex, English castles are as diverse as they are captivating.

What is it that makes English castles so appealing? Perhaps it's their imposing stone fortifications, romantic charm, or stunning locations. Or maybe it's the sense of mystery and romance that they evoke, or the awe and wonder that they inspire. Whatever the reason, English castles hold an undeniable draw for visitors from all over the world.

There are many reasons why you should include English castles in your travel itinerary. Here are just a few:

Educational Adventures: English castles provide a unique educational opportunity for both adults and children. They offer insights into various aspects of history, including medieval warfare, monarchy, and daily life in different eras. Many castles have interactive exhibits and guided tours that make learning engaging and enjoyable.
Scenic Beauty: English castles are often strategically located amidst some of the country's most breathtaking landscapes. Perched on rugged cliffs, surrounded by lush greenery, or nestled beside tranquil lakes, the settings are often as impressive as the castles themselves. These locations offer not only historical insights but also opportunities for scenic hikes and photography.
Cultural Immersion: Castle visits often extend beyond the walls of the fortress. Many castles host events, festivals, and performances that allow visitors to immerse themselves in English culture. From medieval reenactments to classical concerts, these experiences provide a deeper connection to the local heritage.

And the simplest reason: because they’re cool. But maybe that’s my history nerdiness shining through.

One thing is for certain, whenever I visit Europe, castles always make it onto my itinerary. Oftentimes more than once. I’ve loved them ever since I was young, and that fascination never really went away. I could probably write a short series about the many castles of Europe, but for now, let’s start with England.

Dover Castle

Location: Kent, England
Description: A castle known as the key to England's history
Highlights: Its defensive past, iconic white cliffs, and stunning views of the English Channel

Dover Castle's location, overlooking the English Channel, made it a vital stronghold throughout the centuries. Its primary role was to defend England from potential invaders and control the narrowest part of the Channel, known as the Strait of Dover. The castle has witnessed numerous sieges and battles, including the Great Siege of 1216 during the First Barons' War. King Henry II and subsequent monarchs recognized its importance in safeguarding the nation, leading to extensive fortifications and improvements.

Dover Castle earned its nickname as the "Key to England" due to its strategic significance. The massive defensive walls, towers, and underground tunnels are a testament to the castle's role in protecting the country from external threats. Exploring the castle today offers a glimpse into its medieval splendor. The Great Tower, known as the Keep, stands as an impressive example of Norman architecture. Visitors can explore its various chambers and enjoy panoramic views from the rooftop.

One of the most intriguing features of Dover Castle is its network of underground tunnels and bunkers. Used during World War II, these tunnels provide insights into the wartime history of the castle. The Secret Wartime Tunnels exhibition is a must-visit for history buffs.

Beyond its historical significance, Dover Castle offers breathtaking coastal views. The White Cliffs of Dover, an iconic natural feature, provide a stunning backdrop to the castle. Take a moment to appreciate the scenery and capture memorable photos.

Combining Castle Visit with Coastal Exploration

Extend your visit by exploring the coastal walks around Dover Castle. Stroll along the cliffs, breathe in the fresh sea air, and enjoy the serene beauty of the coastline. It's an ideal way to balance history with natural splendor. Dover boasts several nearby attractions, including the famous Dover Beach and the South Foreland Lighthouse. Consider adding these to your itinerary to make the most of your visit to the area.

Bamburgh Castle

Location: Northumberland, England
Description: A historic castle on the Northumberland coast
Highlights: Its tales of battles, breathtaking beach views, and iconic silhouette

Nestled on the dramatic Northumberland coast, Bamburgh Castle stands as a testament to both the grandeur of England's history and the power of its landscapes. This imposing fortress boasts a written history dating back to 420 AD, making it one of the oldest and most historically significant castles in England. Bamburgh Castle earned its place in history during the tumultuous period of the War of The Roses in the 15th century. It was here that the castle famously became the first to be defeated by artillery, marking a significant moment in the evolution of warfare. The scars of that battle still resonate within the castle's walls.

Perched on a rocky outcrop overlooking the North Sea, Bamburgh Castle commands breathtaking views of the coastline. Its strategic location has made it a vital defensive stronghold for centuries. Today, those who visit are treated to not only a glimpse into the past but also panoramic vistas of the rugged coast.

Bamburgh Castle isn't just a relic of the past; it's a living museum that hosts events and exhibitions throughout the year. From historical reenactments to art exhibitions, there's always something happening within the castle's walls, adding a dynamic layer to your visit.

Cowdray Castle

Location: West Sussex, England
Description: A castle with a Tudor legacy and beautiful grounds
Highlights: Its Tudor architecture, proximity to the South Downs National Park, and stunning ruins

Nestled within the rolling countryside of West Sussex, Cowdray Castle stands as a testament to England's Tudor heritage. Established in the 16th century and visited by monarchs, including Queen Elizabeth I and King Henry VII, this castle exudes a sense of regal history and grandeur.

The castle is located within the picturesque South Downs National Park, adding to its appeal. A visit to Cowdray Castle can easily be combined with exploring the natural beauty of this protected area, making for a well-rounded day trip.

One of the most significant events in Cowdray Castle's history was Queen Elizabeth I's visit in 1591. The queen and her entourage were welcomed with lavish entertainment, including banquets and theatrical performances. This visit solidified Cowdray Castle's place in royal history.

Today, Cowdray Castle stands as picturesque ruins, the result of a devastating fire in 1793. While the fire tragically destroyed much of the castle's interior, it left behind an evocative and atmospheric structure that tells tales of bygone eras.

Cowdray Castle's location offers the opportunity to explore nearby attractions. Consider pairing your visit with a trip to Arundel Castle, located about 20 miles away, or enjoy a stay at the nearby Amberley Castle to immerse yourself in the region's historical charm.

Lindisfarne Castle

Location: Northumberland, England
Description: A castle situated on the holy island of Lindisfarne
Highlights: Its unique location, Viking history, and well-preserved ruins

Nestled on the holy island in Northumberland, Lindisfarne Castle is a place of historical significance and breathtaking beauty. Its location, which becomes cut off from the rest of the UK several times a day when the tide rolls in, adds an element of mystique to this already captivating fortress.

Lindisfarne Castle has a history that dates back thousands of years, with its roots reaching into the Viking Age. This castle played a pivotal role in early medieval history, acting as a defensive stronghold between Scotland and England. It is said that the Viking Age truly began here when the Vikings invaded in 793 AD.

Before it became a fortress, Lindisfarne was home to a monastic community. The Lindisfarne Gospels, an illuminated manuscript of great historical and artistic significance, was created here. Today, visitors can explore the island's rich monastic heritage, including the ruins of Lindisfarne Priory.

The tidal causeway leading to Lindisfarne adds a unique dimension to your visit. Be sure to check the tide schedule and plan your trip accordingly. As the tide rolls in, the causeway disappears beneath the North Sea, isolating the island for several hours. This natural phenomenon enhances the castle's sense of isolation and mystique.

After exploring the Holy Island and its historic treasures, don't forget to stop off for some of the famous mead made from honey. It's a tradition that harks back to the castle's medieval past and provides a delightful taste of history.

Arundel Castle

Location: West Sussex, England
Description: A historic castle with lavish interiors and beautiful grounds
Highlights: Its Norman heritage, stately rooms, and picturesque setting

Established on Christmas day in 1067, Arundel Castle is one of the most iconic and historically significant castles in England. Situated in the picturesque town of Arundel, this castle offers visitors a journey through time, exploring its staterooms, beautiful grounds, and the stories that have unfolded within its walls.

Arundel Castle was built shortly after the Norman Conquest of England and played a vital role in securing the area against potential uprisings. Its robust stone construction and imposing presence served as a symbol of authority. Today, Arundel Castle remains the ancestral home of the Duke of Norfolk and his family. It's not only a historic site but also a place where generations of the Howard family have lived, worked, and celebrated.

In addition to its staterooms, Arundel Castle often hosts special exhibitions that delve into specific aspects of its history. These exhibitions provide a deeper understanding of the castle's role in English history. The castle is surrounded by beautiful gardens that have been meticulously maintained for centuries. Visitors can wander through the gardens, taking in the vibrant colors, fragrant blooms, and serene water features.

Arundel itself is a charming town with a lot to offer. Don't miss the opportunity to explore the town's quaint streets, visit the nearby Amberley Castle, and indulge in the local cuisine at one of the town's eateries.

Windsor Castle

Location: Berkshire, England
Description: The residence of the British Royal Family
Highlights: Its iconic status, regal interiors, and stunning grounds

Situated in the heart of Berkshire, Windsor Castle is a quintessential symbol of British royalty and grandeur. As the oldest and largest inhabited castle in the world, it holds a unique place in England's history.

Founded by William the Conqueror in the 11th century, it has been home to 39 monarchs over the centuries. Its rich heritage is intertwined with the history of the British monarchy.

Today, Windsor Castle remains a working royal residence. It's where state banquets, official receptions, and royal events take place. Visiting Windsor Castle provides a unique glimpse into the daily life of the British royal family and the inner workings of a working royal palace.

Bodiam Castle

Location: East Sussex, England
Description: A picturesque 14th-century moated castle
Highlights: Its moat, medieval history, and beautiful architecture

Nestled in the heart of East Sussex, Bodiam Castle is a captivating example of medieval architecture and charm. This 14th-century masterpiece has not only weathered the test of time but continues to enchant visitors with its fairy-tale-like appearance and rich history.

Bodiam Castle was built in 1385 by Sir Edward Dalyngrigge, a former Knight of Edward III. It was constructed during the Hundred Years' War, a period of conflict between England and France. The castle's primary objective was to protect against the threat of French invasion. One of the most striking features of Bodiam Castle is its stunning moat, which served as a defensive feature, making it difficult for attackers to reach the castle's walls. Today, the moat adds to the castle's picturesque allure and is home to an array of waterfowl.

Beyond its exterior beauty, Bodiam Castle offers a rich interior experience. Visitors can wander through well-preserved rooms and chambers, each echoing with the whispers of history. Don't miss the opportunity to explore the Great Hall, where feasts and gatherings were held in days of old. The castle courtyard invites you to meander through its cobbled paths, where you can imagine the bustle of medieval life. Keep an eye out for the well-preserved spiral staircases and intricately designed windows that adorn the courtyard.

Tower of London

Location: London, England
Description: A historic palace with a millennium of stories
Highlights: The Crown Jewels, White Tower, and Ceremony of the Keys

Although technically considered a palace, the Tower of London stands as one of the most iconic and oldest structures to see when visiting London. With a history dating back over a millennium, this remarkable fortress offers visitors a chance to delve into its intriguing past and explore its captivating attractions.

The Tower of London's roots trace back to the Norman Conquest of England in the 11th century. Initially built as a symbol of William the Conqueror's authority, it evolved into a royal residence, a treasury, and a place of imprisonment. Throughout its history, the Tower has played many roles, from a royal palace to a prison for high-profile captives. It witnessed numerous historical events, including the execution of Anne Boleyn and the storage of the Crown Jewels.

Must-See Attractions Within the Tower

The Crown Jewels: One of the Tower's most renowned attractions is the Crown Jewels. Marvel at the dazzling regalia, including crowns, scepters, and orbs, that are used in the coronation of British monarchs.
The Ravens: The Tower is also famous for its resident ravens. According to legend, if the ravens were to leave, the Tower and the monarchy would fall. Learn more about these intriguing birds and their role at the Tower.
The White Tower: The central and oldest part of the complex, known as the White Tower, houses a museum that displays arms and armor from different eras. Explore the impressive collection and learn about the evolution of weaponry.

Lancaster Castle

Location: Lancashire, England
Description: A castle with Roman foundations and a rich history
Highlights: Its Roman origins, medieval architecture, and former role as a prison

Lancaster Castle, situated in the heart of Lancaster, Lancashire, is a historical treasure trove waiting to be explored. This 11th-century castle has a history that reaches far beyond its imposing stone walls, making it a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts and curious travelers alike.

While Lancaster Castle may date back to the 11th century, its history runs even deeper. Beneath its foundations lies evidence of a Roman fortress that once stood on this site. The Romans, known for their strategic prowess, recognized the importance of this location. Throughout its history, Lancaster Castle served as a symbol of authority and power. It was not only a formidable defensive fortress but also a place where justice was administered. Many prisoners were held within its walls, and it was the site of numerous trials and executions.

Exploring Lancaster Castle's interior reveals intriguing features like the crypt and the Witches' Tower. The crypt is a hauntingly atmospheric space with vaulted ceilings, while the Witches' Tower is shrouded in stories of witch trials and paranormal activity. The Castle's Crown Court is another significant historical space. It's the site where countless trials were conducted, including those of the Lancashire Witches in 1612. The courtrooms are steeped in history, with original furnishings and an ambiance that transports visitors back in time.

St Michael’s Mount

Location: Cornwall, England
Description: A picturesque castle perched on an island off the Cornwall coast
Highlights: Its unique location, legends, and stunning views

Located just off the stunning Cornwall coast, St. Michael’s Mount is a picturesque castle that seamlessly blends history and natural beauty. This island castle is a must-visit destination, offering visitors a chance to explore its historical significance and stunning surroundings. Accessible by a causeway during low tide and by boat during high tide, the castle’s location is as unique as it is beautiful.

The history of St. Michael’s Mount dates back to the medieval period, with the castle being a former priory. Its strategic location made it a crucial defensive point between England and France during the Hundred Years' War. Legend has it that the Viking Age began on this very island when Vikings invaded in the 8th century. Exploring the island, you’ll encounter echoes of its Viking past.

The heart of St. Michael’s Mount is the castle itself, perched atop the island. Explore its historical rooms, including the medieval church and castle walls, while enjoying panoramic views of the surrounding bay. Discover the island’s history further by visiting the historical workhouse, providing insights into the lives of those who once lived and worked on the island.

Tattershall Castle

Location: Lincolnshire, England
Description: A 15th-century redbrick castle with spectacular grounds
Highlights: Its unique redbrick architecture, beautiful gardens, and moat

Set in the heart of Lincolnshire, Tattershall Castle is a striking example of medieval architecture and a symbol of his wealth and power. This 15th-century redbrick castle stands as a testament to the craftsmanship of its time and offers visitors a glimpse into the past.

Tattershall Castle's grounds are as impressive as its architecture. Visitors can wander through well-maintained gardens, take in scenic views of the moat, and enjoy the tranquil ambiance of the castle's surroundings. It's an ideal spot for a leisurely stroll and a picnic.

At the heart of Tattershall Castle stands the Great Tower, a central feature that once served as a grand chamber. Climb to the top of the tower for panoramic views of the surrounding countryside, providing a sense of the castle's strategic significance.

Planning Your England Castle Tour

If you're inspired to embark on your English castle adventure, here are some practical tips to consider:

For popular castles, especially those near London, consider booking tickets in advance to avoid disappointment.
Guided tours can enhance your castle visits by providing historical context and fascinating stories. We were particularly fond of the beefeater tour at the Tower of London
Keep in mind the seasons when planning your visit, as some castles may have limited hours or special events.

England's castles are not just stone and history; they are living testaments to a rich and vibrant past. Each visit allows you to walk in the footsteps of kings, queens, knights, and ordinary people who shaped this remarkable country. Whether you're drawn to medieval history, architectural splendor, or captivating legends, England's castles offer a treasure trove of experiences waiting to be discovered.

As you plan your castle adventure, remember that I have only scratched the surface of England's castle heritage. There are many more castles, each with its own secrets and stories, waiting for you to explore.

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Step Back in Time with 11 of England's Best Castles